Lumiprobe Corporation是美国一家高品质生物技术公司，专业提供分子生物学研究用的活性荧光染料。从2006年起，公司开始生产并销售生命科学研究和诊断学应用的优质化学药品。主要产品有：活性染料（ReactiveDye）和SYBRGreen I染料，定制合成荧光双标记引物。产品主要应用：点击化学（CLickChemistry）、蛋白质组学研究中的双向荧光差异凝胶电泳（2DDIGE）和实时荧光定量PCR（ReaLtimePCR）。Lumiprobe是通过ISO 9001认证的生命科学应用标准和定制试剂制造商。
荧光染料又称为荧光探针, 因具备检测速度快、重复性好、用样量少、无辐射等优点，成为大家广泛使用的荧光标示剂。同时也是细胞生物学等科学研究中不可或缺的重要工具，利用荧光探针可测定RNA和DNA的结构、研究DNA碱基损伤修复、辨别蛋白质分子中氨基的状态和蛋白质分子的活性区, 检测pmol级的蛋白质 ,区分不同构象的核酸以及有关药物的化学反应活性。荧光免疫分析采用时间-分辨技术可用于许多蛋白质、激素、病毒抗原及DNA杂交体的分析。激光诱导荧光光谱在活细胞、活体体液、DNA碱基序列和细菌原体的鉴定、恶性肿瘤的早期诊断和治疗中起到了重要的作用。
由于大多数荧光染料不具备选择性，被固载在生物活性载体的荧光染料，可利用生物活性物质之间的选择性（抗原抗体，生物素链霉亲和素），或者通过染料分子用适当的修饰官能团，通过官能团之间的相互反应，实现对目标物质的靶向性标记，下面我们就来给大家介绍常见的几类活性荧光染料：
活性荧光素及其衍生物广泛用于共价标记生物分子，例如抗体，碳水化合物，核酸，蛋白质，肽和寡核苷酸。各活化官能团对应的反应基团如下：
| 名称 | 用途 |
| 琥珀酰亚胺酯（Succinimidyl esters）/ NHS酯 | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, AF568, Cyanine3.5, Microscopy, sulfo-Cyanine3.5, Protein labeling, AF488, NHS esters, Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7.5, Cyanine5, Cross linking reagents, AF594, BDP 581/591, BDP 650/665, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP 576/589, BDP FL, BDP TMR, BDP 630/650, sulfo-Cyanine5, Cyanine7.5, ROX (Rhodamine X, Rhodamine 101), TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine), AF430, BDP TR, BDP 564/570, Fluorescence polarization, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, Pyrene, sulfo-Cyanine5.5, Coumarin 343 荧光染料 NHS 酯是具有活化酯基的胺活性染料。 |
| 马来酰亚胺（Maleimides） | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, Microscopy, Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7.5, Cyanine5, BDP 581/591, BDP 650/665, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP FL, BDP TMR, Maleimides, BDP 630/650, sulfo-Cyanine5, Cyanine7.5, ROX (Rhodamine X, Rhodamine 101), TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine), AF430, BDP TR, Fluorescence polarization, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, Pyrene, sulfo-Cyanine5.5 染料马来酰亚胺是硫醇反应性荧光染料，用于标记蛋白质中的巯基（硫醇）基团。 |
| 叠氮化物(Azides) | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, AF568, Phenylethynyl-pyrene (PEP), Cyanine3.5, Microscopy, sulfo-Cyanine3.5, AF488, Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7.5, Cyanine5, HEX (Hexachlorofluorescein), BDP 581/591, BDP 650/665, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP FL, BDP TMR, BDP 630/650, sulfo-Cyanine5, Click chemistry, Cyanine7.5, Perylene, ROX (Rhodamine X, Rhodamine 101), TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine), Azides, AF430, JOE, BDP TR, R6G, Fluorescence polarization, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, Pyrene, sulfo-Cyanine5.5, Coumarin 343 用于点击化学标记的荧光染料叠氮化物。 |
| 炔烃(Alkynes) | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, AF568, Microscopy, sulfo-Cyanine3.5, Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7.5, Cyanine5, BDP 581/591, BDP 650/665, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP FL, Alkynes, BDP TMR, BDP 630/650, sulfo-Cyanine5, Cyanine7.5, Perylene, ROX (Rhodamine X, Rhodamine 101), TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine), AF430, BDP TR, R6G, Fluorescence polarization, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, Pyrene, sulfo-Cyanine5.5 用于铜催化点击化学的荧光染料炔烃。含有末端炔基。 |
| 酰肼(Hydrazides) | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, Microscopy, Cyanine7, Cyanine5, BDP 581/591, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP FL, BDP 630/650, Cyanine7.5, TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine), Hydrazides, BDP TR, Fluorescence polarization, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, Pyrene 染料酰肼是用于标记醛和酮的羰基反应性荧光染料。 |
| 羧酸(Carboxylic acids) | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, Cyanine3.5, Microscopy, sulfo-Cyanine3.5, Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7.5, Cyanine5, BDP 581/591, BDP FL, BDP TMR, BDP 630/650, sulfo-Cyanine5, Cyanine7.5, Carboxylic acids, AF430, BDP TR, BDP 564/570, Fluorescence polarization, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, Pyrene, sulfo-Cyanine5.5, Coumarin 343 荧光染料的羧酸衍生物。 可用于在碳二亚胺预活化后标记胺，也可用于醇的 Steglich 酯化。 |
| 氨基(Amines) | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, Microscopy, Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7, Cyanine5, BDP 581/591, Amines, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP FL, BDP TMR, BDP 630/650, sulfo-Cyanine5, Cyanine7.5, TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine), AF430, BDP TR, Fluorescence polarization, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, sulfo-Cyanine5.5 具有游离氨基的荧光染料，用于与各种亲电化合物如活化酯和环氧化物偶联。 |
| 四嗪（Tetrazines） | Near infrared (NIR) imaging, BDP 558/568, Microscopy, Cyanine7, sulfo-Cyanine7, Copper free Click chemistry, Tetrazine, Cyanine5, BDP 581/591, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP 576/589, BDP FL, BDP TMR, BDP 630/650, sulfo-Cyanine5, Cyanine7.5, AF430, BDP TR, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, PEG3 (triethylene glycol) 四嗪是通过反向电子需求[4+2]-环加成反应与反式环辛烯、环丙烯和其他活化烯烃反应的衍生物——无铜点击化学反应的一个例子。 |
| 亚磷酰胺(Phosphoramidite) | Oligonucleotide synthesis, Cyanine5, TET, HEX (Hexachlorofluorescein), Amines, PEG6 (hexaethylene glycol), FAM (Fluorescein), Alkynes, Phosphoramidite, TAMRA (TMR, tetramethylrhodamine), JOE, R6G, Cyanine5.5, Cyanine3, Pyrene, SIMA 用于固相自动化寡核苷酸合成的亚磷酰胺（亚酰胺）改性剂。 荧光亚磷酰胺，用于点击化学 DNA 修饰的亚酰胺。 |
| 环炔(Cycloalkyne) | BDP 558/568, Cyanine3.5, Cyanine7, Copper free Click chemistry, Cyanine5, BDP 581/591, BDP 650/665, FAM (Fluorescein), BDP FL, BDP TMR, sulfo-Cyanine5, Cycloalkyne, ROX (Rhodamine X, Rhodamine 101), BDP TR, Cyanine5.5, BDP R6G, sulfo-Cyanine3, Cyanine3, sulfo-Cyanine5.5 用于无铜点击化学的具有环炔烃部分的染料。 |
