因为植物有固定的生活方式，它们必须适应大量的外部刺激，并相应地协调它们的生长和发育。植物激素是一组结构上不相关的小分子，是将不同环境线索与植物遗传程序整合在一起的核心。20世纪上半叶发现的“经典”植物激素是生长素、脱落酸、细胞分裂素、赤霉素和乙烯。最近，一些额外的化合物被认为是激素，包括油菜素内酯、茉莉酸酯、水杨酸、一氧化氮和直尾金内酯。植物也使用多种肽激素来调节各种生长反应，但这类激素不在我们的讨论范围之内。随着遗传方法的应用，主要是在拟南芥中，激素生物学的许多方面已经被阐明。大多数激素参与植物生长发育的许多不同过程。这种复杂性反映在激素合成、转运和信号通路的贡献，以及激素之间相互作用的多样性，以控制生长反应。
基因筛选导致了许多参与激素信号的蛋白质的鉴定，这些蛋白质的分析对我们目前的激素作用模型做出了重大贡献。一个特别令人兴奋的结果是最近发现了生长素、赤霉素、茉莉酸和脱落酸的受体。虽然还远未完成，但我们对激素感知和信号传递的理解的提高已经允许对激素进行比较。从这些可以清楚地看出，一些激素(细胞分裂素、乙烯和油菜素类固醇)使用了特征明确的信号机制。另一方面，生长素和茉莉酸受体以及赤霉素信号中的蛋白质的鉴定和表征，突出了激素感知的一种新机制，其中泛素-蛋白酶体途径具有核心作用。
Anti Indole-3-Acetaldehyde Oxidase (AAO1/Aldehyde Oxidase 1) pAb (Rabbit, Ammonium Sulfate Purified),CAC-SDT-01-AO1
Application: IP, WB
Clonality: Polyclonal
Host: Rabbit
Purification: Ammonium Sulfate
Reactivity: Plant, Arabidopsis, Pea
Because plants have a sessile lifestyle, they must adjust to numerous external stimuli and coordinate their growth and development accordingly. The plant hormones, a group of structurally unrelated small molecules, are central to the integration of diverse environmental cues with a plant’s genetic program. The ‘classical’ phytohormones, identified during the first half of the twentieth century, are auxin, abscisic acid, cytokinin, gibberellin and ethylene. More recently, several additional compounds have been recognized as hormones, including brassinosteroids, jasmonate, salicylic acid, nitric oxide and strigolactones. Plants also use several peptide hormones to regulate various growth responses, but this class of hormones is beyond our scope here. With the application of genetic approaches, mainly in Arabidopsis thaliana, many aspects of hormone biology have been elucidated. Most hormones are involved in many different processes throughout plant growth and development. This complexity is reflected by the contributions of hormone synthesis, transport and signaling pathways, as well as by the diversity of interactions among hormones to control growth responses.
Genetic screens resulted in the identification of many of the proteins involved in hormone signaling and the analysis of these proteins has contributed significantly to our current models of hormone action. One particularly exciting outcome is the recent identification of receptors for auxin, gibberellin, jasmonate and abscisic acid. Though far from complete, our improved understanding of hormone perception and signaling has allowed for comparisons between hormones. From these it is clear that some hormones (cytokinins, ethylene and the brassinosteroids) use well-characterized signaling mechanisms. On the other hand, the identification and characterization of the auxin and jasmonate receptors, as well as proteins in gibberellin signaling, have highlighted a novel mechanism for hormone perception in which the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway has a central role. [from: Santner A., Mark E., Recent advances and emerging trends in plant hormone signalling (2009) Nature 459: 1071-1078]
Abscisic acid (ABA), a type of plant hormone, is thought to be involved in the induction of dormancy, stomatal closure, and physiological functions such as flower falling and leaf falling. The biosynthesis of this substance is carried out by oxidation of abscisin aldehyde, and it is suggested that a specific aldehyde oxidase (AO) catalyzes the reaction. The CosmoBio Antibody Collection (CAC) has prepared three antibodies for detecting AO gene products cloned from Arabidopsis thaliana, and an antibody for detection of corn ascorbic acid peroxidase (APT).
In higher plants aldehyde oxidases (AO) appear to be homo- and heterodimeric assemblies of AO subunits with probably different physiological functions. AO-alpha may be involved in the biosynthesis of auxin, and in biosynthesis of abscisic acid (ABA) in seeds. In vitro, AO-alpha uses heptaldehyde, protocatechualdehyde, benzaldehyde, indole-3-aldehyde (IAld), indole-3-acetaldehyde (IAAld), cinnamaldehyde and citral as substrates; AO-beta uses IAAld, IAld and naphtaldehyde as substrates.